Writing a project proposalproiecte

...looking for a talented and detail-oriented designer to create an eye-catching front elevation for my single-floor house, based on a traditional style. Key Requirements: - Style: The design should reflect traditional aesthetics. - Materials: Incorporate a mix of glass, wood, stone, or any materials that could enhance the visual appeal. - Features: I would like the design to include a porch, balcony, and columns. Your Proposal: - Submit a portfolio showcasing your design skills, particularly in traditional architecture. - Provide a detailed proposal that outlines your approach to this project. - Budget is open to negotiation based on your experience and the quality of your proposal. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in a...

I'm in need of a highly creative menu book design that is both visually appealing and practical. Key requirements: - Traditional Menu Book: The design should be in line with the traditional menu format, ensuring it's user-friendly for all customers. - Bright & Colorful: I'm envisioning a design that is lively, colorful, and playful. - Target Audience: The design needs to appeal to a wide range of people, including families with children, young adults, and business professionals. Ideal skills and experience for this project: - Graphic Design: Proficiency in menu design, particularly for traditional formats. - Creativity: A knack for combining bright colors and engaging visuals. - Market Understanding: Experience in designing for broa...

I'm seeking an experienced freelancer who can acquire 50 DOFOLLOW links from high Domain Authority (DA) websites. It's crucial that these links are not profile or social links, and are permanent. Key requirements: - 50 DOFOLLOW links from websites with 50+ DA. - Links should be permanent and NOT from PROFILE sites or SOCIAL link sources. Please note: ** Kindly bid on...permanent. Key requirements: - 50 DOFOLLOW links from websites with 50+ DA. - Links should be permanent and NOT from PROFILE sites or SOCIAL link sources. Please note: ** Kindly bid only if you're confident in delivering quality Links within our budget and timeframe. Thank you. Autobidders will be reported as usual. If you read the full description and understood clearly, then start your proposal...

I'm looking for someone experienced with Smart Sheet to create a comprehensive guideline for building and using a workflow around invoice processing. Key Points: - The workflow should incorporate an automated approval process. - I need a detailed guide on how to use this workflow effectively. Given that the number of invoices isn't specified, the workflow should ideally be scalable to handle a variety of invoice types. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency with Smart Sheet is crucial. - Experience in creating and managing workflows, particularly around invoice processing. - Strong documentation and instructional writing skills to create a clear and thorough guideline.

I'm in need of a skilled React developer with expertise in integrating the Wagmi library. My web app is a simple DApp that utilizes web3modal for wallet connection. Key requirements: - You need to fix the error where the 'useConfig' needs to be utilized within WagmiConfig. - The app should seamlessly allow users to connect their wallets, and operate smoothly like web3modal intended. For your application: - Please provide your experience in similar projects. - Highlight any previous work relating to React, Wagmi or web3modal. - Your proposal should also include how you intend to troubleshoot and fix the error. I prefer daily progress updates via email, so please be prepared to commit to this communication style.

I am in need of a skilled freelancer to create a captivating PowerPoint sales presentation. This proposal is intended for potential clients, so it needs to be informative, persuasive, and visually appealing. Key elements of the project include: - Ensuring the design is professional and aligns with our brand - Incorporating detailed market analysis with statistics and graphs - Making the content easy to understand and engaging - Suggesting or designing custom graphics to enhance the presentation Skills and experience that would be beneficial for this project include: - Proficiency in creating PowerPoint presentations, particularly for sales purposes - Experience in creating market analysis sections, including statistical data and graphs - Excellent grap...

We are looking for a talented frontend developer to obtain sample songs from 20 famous singers and upload their songs and images to the frontend. We are developing an AI song generator web application. If you do well on this small task, you will be fully involved in the development and updates of the frontend portion of this dynamic project. The basic frontend has already been developed by one developer. Frontend update is required. Here are ten of the most famous singers of all time, known for their vocal prowess and significant influence in the music industry: 1. *Aretha Franklin* - Known as the "Queen of Soul," she is celebrated for her powerful voice and hits like "Respect" and "I Say a Little Prayer." 2. *Elvis Presley* - Often r...

I'm in need of a talented logo designer who has experience in creating combination logos. Key Requirements: - Understanding of color theory: The logo needs to be designed with a pastel color scheme. - Knowledge of logo design: The ability to create a unique, yet simple, combination logo that will be easily recognizable. - Experience in branding: The logo should be suitable for use across various online platforms and social media. Please provide samples of your past work, particularly any combination logos, along with your proposal. Your understanding of pastel color schemes will be a key determinant of selection.

I'm seeking a talented writer to produce engaging and informative tech blog posts. Additional Details: - Main Topic: The content creation will exclusively revolve around the technology sector. - Content Type: You'll be crafting blog posts, which means a conversational and accessible style is preferred. - Target Audience: The primary audience for these pieces will be tech enthusiasts and the general public with an interest in this field. Ideal Candidate: - Prior Experience: A portfolio demonstrating your experience in writing technology-related content, particularly blog posts, is highly desirable. - SEO Understanding: Knowledge of SEO principles and practices to ensure the content is search engine optimized. - Engaging Writing Style: Th...

I am searching fo...main roles will involve: - Creating and executing comedy sketches for TikTok. - Writing your own scripts for the comedy content. To increase brand awareness, your content should be engaging and hilarious to prompt widespread shares and likes on the platform. The ideal candidate should have: - A background in comedy scriptwriting. - Proven experience in creating comedy content. - Familiarity with the TikTok platform and understanding of its algorithm. - Ability to work independently and within strict deadlines. - Capability to measure the impact of content on brand awareness. If you can create rib-cracking, unique, and engaging TikTok content, you could be the perfect fit for this role. The possibility of a long-term partnership is on the table f...

I'm in need of a skilled UI/UX designer to create a visually stunning website, focused on providing travel information to business travelers. Key Requirements: - Design a clean, elegant layout: The website should be rich in visuals to attract and engage the users. A sleek, modern design is essential in order to appeal to the business travellers. - Ensure ease of navigation: The user interface must be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing visitors to easily access the information they need. Skills Required: - Proficiency in UI/UX Design: The ideal candidate will have a strong background in user interface and user experience design, with a portfolio that demonstrates their ability to create visually appealing and highly intuitive websites. - H...

I'm looking to recreate our existing logo "Logo C" with a modern, minimalistic approach. The logo must convey a sense of sophistication and professionalism, appealing to a wide audience. Key requirements: - The new logo design should be a fresh interpretation of "Logo C", with a focus on simplicity and elegance. - Incorporate geometric shapes and typography creatively. These elements should seamlessly blend in to create a cohesive, contemporary look. - The final design should be suitable for both digital and print media, ensuring versatility in its application. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in logo design, particularly in the field of advertising or marketing. - Strong understanding of modern design tre...

I'm looking for a professional who can get my news articles published in prominent online news platforms such as The New York Times, The Guardian, Times of India, ANI, Hindustan Times, Economics Times, and Forbes. Requirements: - Publishing: I need my content to be published on a weekly basis. - Content Type: The focus will be on news articles, so the ideal candidate will have experience in this specific type of content. Ideal Skills: - Experience in Publishing: A strong track record in getting content published in major online newspapers is essential. - News Article Writing: A background in journalism or writing news-focused content would be highly beneficial. - Networking: Well-established relationships with editors or a proven a...

bjective: To create a website where parents can enter their child’s name, and the name will be automatically integrated into a pre-recorded audio story. The child’s name will be generated using Text-to-Speech (TTS) technology and merged with the main audio file. Scope of Work: Setup and Configuration: Install and configure WordPress on a suitable hosting platform. Ensure the environment is secure and optimized for performance. Frontend Development: Create a user-friendly form for parents to input their child’s name and provide consent. Ensure the form is responsive and works seamlessly across different devices and browsers. Backend Development: Develop a custom WordPress plugin to handle form submissions, generate TTS ...

More details: Is this project for business or personal use? For an existing business What is the primary objective of hiring a Clinical Pharmacologist? Research and development What phase of research and development do you need assistance with? Initial concept and feasibility. Research on Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, writing Pharmacodynamics & Pharmacokinetics for new molecules, Preparing research papers, collecting existing datas from scientific websites.

I am in search of an experienced professional to craft a concise and engaging company profile for my business. The profile should be in a Word document format and should be between 1-5 pages in length. I specifically want to highlight the following: - Company History: A succinct yet informative overview of our journey, achievements, and milestones. - Products/Services: Detailed descriptions of our offerings, emphasizing their unique features and value propositions. The ideal freelancer for this job should have a good grasp of business language and a proven track record of creating effective company profiles. Excellent writing and Word formatting skills are also essential. Previous experience in my industry will be an added advantage.

I'm looking for an experienc...programmer who can help to convert a PC program which is a tests programme been using with some other features to work at cell phones . Key Requirements: - Successful conversion: I need the program to be fully operational on both Android and iOS devices to be able to edit qustions at the future. Ideal Experience: - Proficiency in both Android and iOS development. - Proven track record of converting PC programs to mobile platforms. - Ability to optimize user interface to suit mobile devices. The user interface design is somewhat important to me. I expect a clean and functional design, but I'm open to suggestions and improvements from someone with expertise in this area. Please provide examples of similar projects you'...

I need a CV writer who can create a compelling and professional document for a job application within the Engineering sector. Emphasis should be on senior-level experience and achievements. Key Requirements: - Expertise in CV writing catered to the Engineering industry - Experience in positioning senior-level candidates - Understanding of current job market and employer expectations in the Engineering sector - Ability to highlight key skills, experiences, and achievements effectively The end product should be a tailor-made CV that presents me as a top contender for senior-level roles in the Engineering industry.

I need a 30-second video explainer in Hindi, targeted at adult viewers, that explains the features of a product. The script is ready. However, I need an AI-generated realistic avatar to be the primary character in the video. Key Project Details: - Video length: 30 seconds - Language: Hindi - Target Audience: Adults - Avatar Style: Realistic Requirements: - Proficient in creating animated video explainers - Experience with AI-generated avatars - Skilled in producing content in Hindi Please include relevant samples of your previous work in your proposal.

I'm in need of a skilled UI/UX designer to create a visually stunning website, focused on providing travel information to business travelers. Key Requirements: - Design a clean, elegant layout: The website should be rich in visuals to attract and engage the users. A sleek, modern design is essential in order to appeal to the business travellers. - Ensure ease of navigation: The user interface must be intuitive and user-friendly, allowing visitors to easily access the information they need. Skills Required: - Proficiency in UI/UX Design: The ideal candidate will have a strong background in user interface and user experience design, with a portfolio that demonstrates their ability to create visually appealing and highly intuitive websites. - H...

I need a designer who can create a minimalist packaging design for a male skincare product targeted for adults. It's important that the design aligns with a minimalist aesthetic while still appealing to a mature audience. The design needs to be clean, sophisticated, and eye-catching. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Experience in cosmetic packaging design - Strong graphic design skills - Understanding of minimalist design principles - Ability to incorporate brand identity into designs - Knowledgeable about adult skincare market trends The successful candidate should provide a portfolio showcasing previous work in minimalist design, particularly with skincare products. It’ll be a bonus if you have previously worked with ma...

This is my WordPress website, "bizcurd.com." I want to convert this website to Shopify. So I need a Shopify expert who can convert my website, WordPress, to Shopify. My budget is $10,000, and the completion deadline is 5 days. If you are okay with the budget and time deadline, please PM back. Otherwise, don't waste your and mine precious time. Note: Please read the proposal description, then ping me. Without reading the proposal, don't ping me.

I'm in need of a skilled digital marketing professional who can significantly increase the Domain Authority of my B2B website. This project is crucial as it's directly linked to my overall SEO strategy and online visibility. Key Goals: - Improve the search engine rankings of my website - Increase organic traffic to the site - Enhance the online visibility of my brand Ideal candidate: - Extensive experience in digital marketing, particularly in boosting domain authority - A proven track record of improving search engine rankings and increasing organic traffic - Demonstrable expertise in enhancing brand visibility through effective online strategies Your proposal should focus on your relevant experience, particularly on how you plan to approach this ...

...seeking a developer for an iOS application that will have the capability to read and store iMessage messages on a user's device. Key Features and Requirements: - The primary purpose of the app is to collect and store iMessage messages. - The app should only be activated with the user's explicit consent. - Data security is paramount, with the app designed to implement end-to-end encryption. - The application should be user-friendly and intuitive. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in iOS app development, with a strong portfolio of previous work. - Experience in implementing data security measures, particularly end-to-end encryption, is a necessity. - A strong focus on user experience and interface design, ensuring the app is intuiti...

I have a 5-second clip that I'm looking to enhance with sound effects. The main goal of this sound design is to intensify the impact of the clip. Key Requirements: - The sound effects I'm looking for are like explosions and laughter. These should be impactful and attention-grabbing. - The intended use of this clip is as a transition video. I'm specifically looking for a 'woosh' type sound to be incorporated. Ideal Skills: - Expertise in sound design, particularly for short clips - Ability to tailor sound effects for maximum impact - Strong experience in creating transition sounds Please provide examples of your previous work in sound design, especially for transition and short clips. Your bid should include a brief proposal for...

...experienced Wikipedia editor to transform a draft into a full-fledged live profile of our school on Wikipedia. Please be aware that the profile should not get deleted post-creation. Key details to be included in the profile: - The history of the school - Academic programs currently offered The successful freelancer must have a proven track record of creating and maintaining successful Wikipedia pages - please submit past work as evidence of your expertise. The style required for this project demands a balance between informal and professional - I want the school's personality to shine through without compromising the authority and respect required of a learning institution. Ideal Skills: - Wikipedia Formatting and Editing - Research Ski...

I need a creative genius to assist me in producing 17 engaging diary entries based on different animals kept in captivity. These animals can range from lions, dolphins, or elephants. The purpose of these entries is to give young readers -around the age of Year 6 students- an idea of the thoughts and feelings of these animals. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Experience in writing for children - Ability to portray emotions convincingly through the perspective of various animals - Have a knack for making educational content entertaining Application Guidelines: Please submit: - Samples of past instructive yet engaging works - Experience in creative writing, specifically in the children's genre While the user skipped providing a specific theme, ...

Description: We are looking to hire a qualified and experienced play school teacher for a one-week assignment in Mumbai. This temporary position is ideal for someone who is passionate about early childhood education and can engage young children in meaningful learning activities. Responsibilities: Plan and conduct age-appropriate educational activities for preschoolers. Create a positive and nurturing learning environment. Monitor and supervise children during playtime and other activities. Communicate effectively with parents regarding their child's progress. Requirements: Early childhood education certification or relevant experience. Previous experience working with young children in a play school or preschool setting. Passion for teaching and engagi...

...need of a knowledgeable professional who is adept at academic writing in the realm of training and assessment work. Your responsibilities include: - Handling content relative to Science, Literature, and History - Focusing on fields such as workplace safety training, skills assessment, and compliance training Ideally, you have: - Solid experience in academic writing - Expertise in various training and assessment methods - An ability to work under strict deadlines, as this project is set to run for one week. Using your grasp of these subject matters, you will create rich, well-researched, and engaging pieces of academic writing that accurately capture the essence of training and assessment work. Apply if you like working on challenging topics an...

I'm looking for a Virtual Assistant with solid experience in Python, JavaScript and VBA, particularly for handling scripting tasks. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficient in Python and JavaScript - Previous experience with scripting tasks - Excellent communication skills - Pro-active communication style Main Responsibilities: - Writing and implementing scripts in Python and JavaScript with APIs - Ensuring the smooth execution of various scripting tasks

I need a reliable professional to create an automated solution for generating proposal quotes. This is currently done manually and is a pdf document. Looking to improve efficiency and reduce potential errors. Requirements: - Experience in automation software development - Great attention to detail to ensure error-free output - Familiarity with creating user-friendly interfaces Project Details: - The system should automatically generate item descriptions, quantities, and prices for our proposals. There currently is no database. Items are manually added per proposal. We require a database to pick the products and add as required to the proposal. This would also require updating and potentially integrating with a website. - The soluti...

As I'm crafting a research proposal intended for academic peers, I'm looking for a proficient writer in the advertising and CTR field to assist me in writing the introduction and literature review. - **Purpose**: The primary goal is to help me establish a strong, coherent introduction and provide an overview of existing research related to the subject. - **Audience**: The intended audience for the proposal is academic peers. Hence, the content should be in-depth, professional, and aligned with academic standards. - **Literature Review**: I'm looking for a detailed but broad overview of existing research, setting the stage for my proposed study and justifying my hypotheses. It should be structured, engaging and highlighting ke...

I need a freelancer who can conduct a quick stock market research based upon availability. I am looking for a potential talent that can develop an algorithm for me that can help us keep earning money in the stock market without losing any money. I want to make an automate notification based on financial news so that I can just simply buy it if I know the top price going to go up and sell it if I know the stock price goes down in the future. So then I can prevent such thing, loosing money, to happen to me again in the future. For example, if I ask you, why is this particular stock's price (7781.T) has significantly decreased today morning (16th March 2024) ? What is your proposal solution to prevent that from happening of what I should have done in the pas...

I'm in need of a prolific content creator who can craft riveting educational guest posts aimed at increasing website traffic. Key Responsibilities: - Develop compelling, SEO-friendly content on various educational topics - Maintain a consistent voice and tone across all posts - Ensure all posts fall within the 500-1000 words range Ideal candidate: - Exceptional writing and editing skills - Sound understanding of SEO - Extensive experience in educational content development - Proven track record in increasing website traffic through guest posts

I require a skilled and detail-oriented freelancer to assist me in organizing electronic correspondences for the purpose of compiling a comprehensive spreadsheet and summary of events. This project pertains to a legal case, so accuracy, efficiency, and confidentiality are paramount. Key Responsibilities: - Compilation: You will be required to gather WhatsApp messages and other electronic correspondences relevant to the case. - Data Input: The extracted messages should be input into a spreadsheet and organized by topic/subject. - Spreadsheet Creation: The spreadsheet should include the following fields: Date, Message Content, and Attachments and also print and file all correspondence in date order etc. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Experience in...

We are seeking a talented AI content generation expert to craft engaging, informative, and SEO-compliant content for our e-commerce product pages. Experience： Extensive experience in AI content generation, with proficiency in various AI writing tools and platforms. Ability to produce high-quality product titles, features, and descriptions, effectively utilizing AI technology for content optimization. Solid SEO optimization knowledge, ensuring content adheres to Google search engine guidelines.

I need a label template for my natural health supplements, which are bottled in 500ml containers. I have all the necessary details such as the product name, ingredients list, dosage instructions, and my logo, but I require assistance in creating a professional and appealing label. Key Requirements: - Design a label template for 500ml bottles - Include the product name, ingredients list, dosage instructions, and my logo - The label size should be 200mm by 60mm - The design should feature a black background with a gold logo and either gold or white writing - The finished template needs to be in a format I can edit Ideal Skills and Experience: - Previous experience in label design, particularly for health or food products, would be highly adv...

I am in need of a professional copywriter to help with creating detailed and informative product descriptions for my consumer goods. Key Requirements: - Create comprehensive product descriptions: I require descriptions that provide an in-depth look at the features, benefits, and uses of my products. - Low Technicality: The products are consumer goods, so I require a writer who can effectively communicate their features without the use of overly technical jargon. - Informative and Detailed: Your writing style should be detailed and comprehensive, providing potential customers with all the information they need to make an informed purchase. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in copywriting, specifically in the field of product descriptions. - Excellent u...

We are looking for a talented frontend developer to obtain sample songs from 20 famous singers and upload their songs and images to the frontend. We are developing an AI song generator web application. If you do well on this small task, you will be fully involved in the development and updates of the frontend portion of this dynamic project. The basic frontend has already been developed by one developer. Frontend update is required. Here are ten of the most famous singers of all time, known for their vocal prowess and significant influence in the music industry: 1. *Aretha Franklin* - Known as the "Queen of Soul," she is celebrated for her powerful voice and hits like "Respect" and "I Say a Little Prayer." 2. *Elvis Presley* - Often r...

I'm on the lookout for a skilled writer who's looking to work part-time on a freelance basis. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Mid level expertise in writing and content creation. - Proven experience with creating engaging, high-quality content. Key Responsibilities: - Crafting compelling and well-researched articles based on given topics. - Ensuring that the content is original, well-structured and free of grammatical errors. - Adhering to deadlines and guidelines set for each writing task. This is a great opportunity for a mid level writer to enhance their portfolio and earn some extra income. I'm looking forward to receiving your applications.

** Urgent Need ** I need 1 Script Description Content every day each one will be short 100-200 Words. Video Will be provided. Content Topic/Type Example: The Content should be like this type of topic and 100% unique and related to the subject. All the content should be well-researched and have accurate information. The budget is $10 Per Content. Newbies are highly welcomed.

** Urgent Need ** I need 1 Script Description Content every day each one will be short 100-200 Words. Video Will be provided. Content Topic/Type Example: The Content should be like this type of topic and 100% unique and related to the subject. All the content should be well-researched and have accurate information. The budget is $10 Per Content. Newbies are highly welcomed.

I am in need of a skilled freelancer with expansive knowledge in tax filing and planning, financial statement preparation, audit and assurance services, winding company procedures, and addressing private limited pending compliances. Ideally, you should have vast experience in handling financial matters for small businesses. Your application should include: - Detailed project proposal: Kindly break down how you plan to provide the services I require. Highlight your approach, the steps you will take, and the tools and methodologies you will employ to ensure everything is done professionally and up to standard. Skills and Experience: - Certified Accountants and Company Secretaries: Given the complexity of the work, it's crucial that you have completed professio...

As an ambitious professional seeking freelance opportunities, I bring a unique blend of skills in content writing and website development. Key capabilities include: - A wealth of experience in crafting compelling written content, honed over years of successfully delivering diverse writing projects. - A robust understanding of website development, that enables me to create or enhance digital platforms in alignment with client vision and needs. My combined proficiency in these areas makes me an ideal candidate for projects that require both high-quality content and web development expertise. Get in touch if you have need of such dynamic project execution.

I'm in need of an individual with a strong academic background in accounting. The project will involve outsourcing analysis and interpretation. This is specifically for a graduate level academic project. Key requirements include: - Strong understanding of accounting principles - Experience and knowledge in outsourcing analysis - Previous experience in academic writing, specifically in accounting - Ability to deliver high-quality, graduate-level analysis Please include any relevant experience and samples of your previous work in your proposal.

I need a Salesforce Apex test class written specifically to test the functionality of my existing Apex classes. Requirements: - The test class should cover the creation and update functionality of my custom objects. - The test class should ensure that data validation is being performed accurately. It is important that the freelancer has experience with Salesforce Apex and can demonstrate previous experience in writing effective test classes. Please provide samples of your previous Apex test classes if possible. Your understanding of Salesforce standard and custom objects will be a key factor in my decision.

I'm seeking a freelancer with data entry and copywriting skills to work on a project that generates income through freelance writing. Key Tasks: - Data Entry: involves inputting, updating, or verifying data in a system or database. - Copywriting: creating persuasive and engaging written content to promote or sell a product, service, or idea. The ideal candidate should have: - Proven experience in data entry and copywriting - Strong attention to detail and accuracy for data entry tasks - Excellent writing and editing skills, with a focus on copywriting - Understanding of SEO principles for copywriting is a plus This project is perfect for someone with a passion for writing and the ability to genera...

I will write a resume based on the provided data. I will also revise it for the clients satisfaction. Thanks.

Seeking a skilled video editor with expert-level experience to breathe life into our promotional video content. The goal is to create engaging and high-impact video clips that speak to our audience and uphold our brand's image. Key responsibilities: - Revise and edit raw footage into dynamic promotional clips. - Demonstrate creative intuition in the cut, selection and finalization of video content. Ideal Candidate: - Documented experience editing professional promotional videos. - Confident working without specific editing software direction; comfortable utilizing whichever video softwares they are most proficient in. - Adept at interpreting a brief and capable of adding creative input where necessary. - Highly organized with attention to detail. Please include e...

I'm seeking a professional who can assist with the setup of my SonicWall 270W firewall in my home network. Key Requirements: - Installation and configuration of the SonicWall firewall - Three LANs segmented to support: IoT LAN, Work LAN, and HomeLab LAN. - Setup Sonicwall VPN - Implementing network security best practices - Ensuring seamless network connectivity post-installation Ideal Candidates: - Previous experience with SonicWall firewall setup - Strong understanding of network security principles - Ability to handle a variety of devices and ensure their secure connection to the network - Proficiency in troubleshooting network-related issues and devices. Your proposal should include a clear outline of the steps you plan to take, as well as an estima...